Scientific language has to focus mainly on clarity. If you include a new term, define it. For the sake of clarity, don’t worry about repetitions (for example, using words that end in –ly, -ing, etc.). In general works, it’s merely advisable to use short phrases and precise terms; in scientific works, it is essential.
In these types of writings, use the passive voice: instead of I did the research, say The research was done.
When writing a scientific paper, you have to use the same strict method you used in the research. In other words, you have to use ordered and planned procedures. The form and the content in scientific reports vary according to the characteristics of the study being done. Not all reports necessarily contain the sections detailed next, but it’s good to consider the order in which they are present.
Title
A good title in a scientific paper is the one that truthfully reflects the scope and nature of the study. This means that the search for a title is not an opportunity for the author to show his wit. “Serpents, the ruthless devourers” is not a proper title for a study on “The dietary regime of the rattlesnake”. The latter gives us a very clear idea of the content of the report.
Abstract
The title has to be followed by a brief (about 150 words) explanation of the research’s goal, the methods used, and the main accomplishments and conclusions. The object of the summary is to offer the reader enough data for him to decide whether or not he wants to read the whole report.
Precedents
This part of the report has to give the reader the necessary information to understand the history and importance of the problem discussed. It frequently includes a compilation of the findings of other research on the same subject or a related subject. It also includes the reasons for performing the study, which will attract the reader’s interest if they’re well-exposed. References to books, articles and any other type of material that has been consulted or that served to support the research can be included in the footnotes. This section is sometimes called “Introduction”.
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